This blood sucker might not be your best friend, but it loves you.
The mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is causing widespread fear in Brazil where it is spreading the Zika virus that has been linked to thousands of babies being born with birth defects.
So what do we know about it?
It loves our cities
This is not some jungle-dwelling insect that rarely comes into contact with people.
It is one of those animals, like cockroaches, pigeons and urban foxes, that thrives in built-up areas.
It does not need natural water sources to breed as it can lay eggs in the small and plentiful pools of stagnant water, such as gutters or flower pots, found in cities .
Cities like Singapore have big problems with the mosquito.
Prof Uriel Kitron, from Emory University, said: “Aegypti is really adapted well for urban areas.
“It is becoming more and more of an urbanised world and aegypti thrives – Brazil is an extreme example going from 20% to 80% urban in 70 years.”
There’s also plenty of food – us.
Zika is currently getting all the attention, but Aedes aegypti has long been known as the yellow fever mosquito.
Yellow fever is a viral disease that can cause jaundice, bleeding and multiple organ failure in some cases.
And 390 million people are infected with the dengue virus each year, largely as a result of bites from Aedes aegypti.
Chikungunya, another virus causing alarm as it expands around the world, is also spread by the insects.
They do it by biting someone who is infected and then biting someone else.
Both the male and female mosquitoes feed off plant nectar. However, the females need a blood meal in order to produce eggs.
Two traits make them especially good at spreading disease.
First they feed almost exclusively on humans, so if they pick up a disease from one person, they are likely to pass it on with their next bite.
Other mosquitoes are less efficient spreaders as they feed off a variety of animals.
These particular blood suckers also drink little and often.
Rather than gorge their entire meal from one person and running the risk of being swatted they graze from multiple people making it easier to spread disease.
They are also active during the day so bed nets are less effective.
“They’re amazing hitch-hikers, but they’re lousy flyers,” argues Prof Kitron.
The mosquitoes that carry malaria can fly for miles, but Aedes aegypti is pretty lazy by comparison.
It stays close to the area where it was born and 100m is a long way for it to fly.
Prof Kitron says: “But they’re good at catching rides, their whole life cycle can take place in the water in a boat.”
So despite its short flying distances it has managed to conquer the world.
Source: BBC
